sample preparation headspace gas chromatography with screw Sample preparation (i.e., extraction and derivatization) was conducted in 10 mL headspace vials with screw caps. First, 100 μL of 2,2,2-TFEH solution (6.0%), 1.8 g of sodium chloride, and 50 μL of d 6 -acetone solution (1.0 mg/L in pure water) as an internal standard were added to 6.0 mL of each water sample.